The Family Medical Leave Act

After more than 13 years since passage of theplaced child;
Family and Medical Leave Act (FMLA), employers are· care for an immediate family member (spouse,
still asking questions about workers' rights underchild or parent - but not a parent "in-law") with a
FMLA and how to effectively implement the law. Weserious health condition; and
have provided a concise overview to the current law· when the employee is unable to work because
and what employers effected by the law shouldof a serious health condition. (See the DOL website
know.for a definition of a "serious health condition.")
What is the Family Medical Leave Act?Other Important Things to Know?
The Family and Medical Leave Act is a federal law· An employer must give an employee
which provides certain employees with up to 12requesting FMLA written notice, within two business
workweeks of unpaid, job-protected leave a yeardays, if they are not eligible for FMLA. If the
and requires group health benefits be maintainedemployer does not respond within two business
during the leave period.days, the employee will be eligible to take the leave.
Are All Employers Required to Following FMLA?· Once the leave has been granted or the
No. Only public employers and private employers whoemployee is provided with approval notice, the
have 50 or more employees who have been on theemployer cannot alter the leave.
payroll for 20 or more weeks in a calendar year are· The employer can ask the employee to
required to provide FMLA leave.provide a medical certification from a health care
Do All Employees Qualify for the Leave?provider that substantiates the need to use FMLA.
No. All employees of a qualifying organization may notFMLA can be delayed until the certification has been
be eligible for FMLA. To be eligible, an employee mustreceived. In addition, the employer can ask for the
have worked for the employer:employee to provide a fitness-for-duty certification
1. a minimum of one year;prior to returning to work.
2. a minimum of 1,250 hours (an average of 25 hours· If you are located in a state which also
per week) during the 12 months prior to the start ofprovides family and medical leave rights superior to
the FMLA leave; andthe federal FMLA, the state law applies. If the federal
3. are employed at a location where at least 50law provides superior rights, then the federal law
employees are working at the location within aapplies.
75-mile radiusFMLA is a complex law full of several caveats and
For What Reasons is Leave Granted?special provisions. It is unique in that it creates a
An employer must grant an eligible employee up to afoundation of family and medical leave benefits for
total of 12 workweeks of unpaid leave in a 12-montheligible workers, but does not set any defining
period for one or more of the following reasons:limitations. As an employer, it is imperative that you
· the birth and care of a newborn child (anunderstand this directive and its requirements for
employee's entitlement to family and medical leaveimplementations.
for the birth or placement of a child expires 12For a comprehensive look at the law, go to the
months after the birth or placement of the child),Department of Labor website and select "Family &
· the placement with the employee of a child forMedical Leave" from the side toolbar.
adoption or foster care and to care for the newly