Article of Domestication

Domesticating involves the "transfer" of an existingAlthough qualifying to do business as a foreign
corporation to a new jurisdiction. If you are planningcorporation authorizes a corporation to enter into
to relocate your business outside of the State withintransactions and have a presence in the foreign
which you are now incorporated, you may want tostate, it remains subject to any limitations on its
domesticate. Although you have the option of merelyoperations as a result of being domesticated in its
dissolving the existing corporation and re-incorporatingstate of formation. There may be good reasons for
in your new home state, Domestication may be thea corporation to be domesticated in a state other
more attractive alternative. This is becausethan where it was formed. For example, suppose a
Domestication allows you to retain the "age" of thecorporation were formed in State X but does most
corporation, which may be important if you want toof its business in State Y. The corporation may be
keep your existing Federal Tax Identification Number,subject to taxation by State Y on sales of its
corporate bank accounts and lines of credit. Inproducts in State Y and may also be subject to tax
addition, retaining the "age" of the corporation mayon its income in State X, because it is domesticated
be useful if you are applying for new lines of creditthere. If a corporation domesticated itself as a
and/or special government exemptions.corporation in State Y, its income would not be
It is not necessary for you to have a completesubject to taxation in State X.
knowledge of the governing laws, rules, policies andHistorically, corporations could domesticate in a new
or restrictions relating to each State's requirementsjurisdiction by using a merger procedure. A new
for Domestication.domestic corporation was formed in the new state
This will allow you to take advantage of all of theand the existing corporation was merged into it.
benefits while retaining your original incorporation dateMerger of a foreign corporation with a domestic
that the company first came into existence in thecorporation is authorized in the laws of every state.
non-United States jurisdiction and continuing to beModern corporation statutes are now permitting
deemed the same entity.domestication by a more direct method, authorizing a
You can also change your company's businessprocedure whereby the corporation can simply
structure at the same time if your attorney ordomesticate itself in a new jurisdiction.
accountant has advised you that it would be best forThe Model Business Corporation Act permits a
your individual circumstances.foreign corporation to become a domestic
Whereas business "conversion" involves a change incorporation if the process is permitted by the laws
the type of business entity (converting a partnershipof the state of formation. Thus, a corporation in
to LLC, an LLC to corporation, etc.) businessstate X will be allowed to domesticate itself in state
"domestication" involves changing the state in which aY only if the laws of state X authorize this
business entity is organized. For example, aprocedure. The domestication procedure in the Model
corporation originally organized in the State ofBusiness Corporation Act is very similar to other
Minnesota can be moved to the State of Southfundamental changes in the corporate structure. A
Carolina and be treated under the law as the same,plan to domestication is adopted by the board of
on-going corporation. In other words, with respect todirectors and is submitted to the shareholders for
the state of South Carolina the "foreign" corporationtheir approval. The plan must include
(foreign, because organized outside of South Carolina)1. The new jurisdiction in which the corporation is to
can be "domesticated" into South Carolina.be domesticated
* Sole Proprietorship to Partnership2. Any amendments to articles of incorporation that
* Sole Proprietorship to Corporationare necessary or desired
* Sole Proprietorship to LLC3. The manner and basis of reclassifying shares of
* Partnership to LLCthe corporation based upon the laws of the new
* Partnership to Corporationstate of domestication
* Corporation to LLC4. Any other terms and conditions of the
* LLC to Corporationdomestication.
will work with you to make sure your relocation plansThe plan must be approved by the shareholders by a
move forward expeditiously and your business growsmajority vote, like the cases of merger or share
where it needs to grow.exchange, if there are provisions of the
Whenever a corporation has been formed in onedomestication that will affect the rights of a particular
state and prefers to be governed by the laws ofclass of shares, such a class must be allowed the plan
another state, it is possible to change the state ofas a separate voting group.
domestication. Of course, any corporation formed inSame employer identification number may or may
any state may qualify to do business in other statesnot be used if filing article of domestication or article
and be entitled to be benefits of the laws of theof continuation in other state. It depends on the
foreign jurisdiction for the business conducted there.availability.